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3'UTR variant in PPARD that acts as the third tag in the elite athlete haplotype (rs2267668/rs2016520/rs1053049); TC carriers show enhanced skeletal muscle glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity; the A/C/C haplotype containing this C allele is dramatically underrepresented in elite athletes
3'UTR variant in ADIPOQ that modulates adiponectin mRNA stability; the common C allele is associated with lower circulating adiponectin and higher type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk, while the minor T allele is protective for metabolic outcomes
Intronic enhancer variant in basonuclin-2 that increases YY1 binding and BNC2 expression, elevating susceptibility to adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and predicting brace treatment failure
Intronic NUCB2 variant associated with type 2 diabetes risk in females and oral cancer progression in older males — the T allele modestly reduces nesfatin-1 signaling efficiency across metabolic and oncological contexts
Obesity GWAS locus in a conserved BDNF enhancer - reduces hypothalamic BDNF expression and satiety signaling, increasing caloric intake and BMI
Intronic upstream variant in FCGR2A that modulates surface expression of the FcγRIIa immune receptor on myeloid cells, altering IgG immune complex clearance efficiency and autoimmune susceptibility
Promoter variant reducing FSH beta-subunit transcription by ~50%, lowering serum FSH levels and impairing folliculogenesis in females and spermatogenesis in males
5' UTR variant in phosphodiesterase 3A that may alter PDE3A expression, affecting cAMP metabolism in vascular smooth muscle and cardiac tissue
Intronic variant near the VEZT (vezatin) gene at 12q22 associated with increased endometriosis susceptibility across multiple GWAS meta-analyses; the C allele acts as a cis-eQTL increasing VEZT expression in blood and endometrial tissue, implicating disrupted adherens junction integrity in ectopic endometrial implantation
3'UTR variant creating a functional polyadenylation site; A allele produces a shorter, more stable IRF5 mRNA isoform driving higher IRF5 protein levels and autoimmune disease risk